THE COMPOSITION AND PRINCIPLE OF SUCKER ROD PUMP

The pump is mainly composed of four parts: barrel, plunger, fixed valve and traveling valve. The pump barrel is a cylinder liner, which is equipped with a plunger with a traveling valve. The plunger and the pump barrel form a seal, which is used to discharge liquid from the pump barrel. The fixed valve is the suction valve of the pump, generally the ball type single flow valve, and the valve position is fixed during the pumping process. The traveling valve is the discharge valve of the pump, which moves with the plunger.

A typical sucker rod pump unit consists of three parts:

1. Ground driven equipment, that is also called pumping unit;

2. The oil extraction pump installed at the lower part of the tubing string;

3. Sucker rod string, which transfers the movement and power of the ground equipment to the downhole pump plunger to make it reciprocating up and down, pressurize the liquid in the tubing string, and pump the oil production liquid to the ground. In terms of the whole sucker rod pumping production system defects, it also includes the oil layer supplying fluid, the tubing string used to hang the pump and as the lifting fluid channel, downhole tools (tubing anchor, gas anchor, sand anchor, etc.), oil casing annular space and wellhead device, etc.

Sucker rod pump generally refers to the plunger pump driven by the reciprocating motion of the sucker rod up and down. Sucker rod pump is the most widely used mechanical oil recovery method because of its simple structure, strong adaptability, convenient maintenance and management, and long service life. Sucker rod pump is the most commonly used single cylinder and single acting pump, and its displacement depends on pump diameter, stroke and the number of punching. The efficiency of pump is about 50% in medium deep well, which is suitable for medium and low production well.

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